Chester J. Straub is a United States Circuit Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. At the time of his appointment in 1998, he was a partner in the New York law firm of Willkie Farr & Gallagher. Judge Straub assumed Senior Status in 2008.

Judge Straub received his B.A. degree from St. Peter's College in 1958, and his LL.B. degree from the University of Virginia Law School in 1961.

Judge Straub served as a First Lieutenant in U.S. Army Intelligence and Security from 1961 to 1963. In 1963, he began the private practice of law with Willkie Farr & Gallagher, where he became a partner in 1971, and where he remained until his appointment as a Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in 1998. Judge Straub's private practice was concentrated in litigation, regulatory agencies and governmental affairs. During this period he also served as a New York State Assemblyman from 1967 until 1972 and as a New York State Senator from 1973 until 1976. He also served as a mediator/neutral evaluator in the District Courts for the Southern and Eastern Districts of New York, and as a special master for the New York State Supreme Court in the 1st Judicial Department.

Judge Straub was Chair of Gov. Mario Cuomo's New York Statewide Judicial Screening Committee from 1988 until 1994 and of the First Department Screening Committee from 1983 until 1994. He was a member of Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan's Judicial Selection Committee from 1976 until 1998.

Judge Straub served as a member of the Lenox Hill Hospital Board of Trustees, the Cardinal's Committee of the Laity for Catholic Charities of New York, and the Kosciusko Foundation.

Judge Straub is a native of Brooklyn.